github路径:https://github.com/pauldijou/...
这是一个自用的工具用于创建actions
和reducers
用于redux
。主要的目标是使用action
本身作为reducer
的引用而不是变量。
安装
npm install redux-act --save
用法
这里有一个名叫createAction
的函数,它用于创建一个action
,和名叫createActionCreator
的方法有点接近。如果你不能确定是否是action
或action
创造者,那么记住当action
创造者是方法时,action
是对象。
// Import functions
import { createStore } from 'redux';
import { createAction, createReducer } from 'redux-act';
// Create an action creator (description is optional)
const add = createAction('add some stuff');
const increment = createAction('increment the state');
const decrement = createAction('decrement the state');
// Create a reducer
// (ES6 syntax, see Advanced usage below for an alternative for ES5)
const counterReducer = createReducer({
[increment]: (state) => state + 1,
[decrement]: (state) => state - 1,
[add]: (state, payload) => state + payload,
}, 0); // <-- This is the default state
// Create the store
const counterStore = createStore(counterReducer);
// Dispatch actions
counterStore.dispatch(increment()); // counterStore.getState() === 1
counterStore.dispatch(increment()); // counterStore.getState() === 2
counterStore.dispatch(decrement()); // counterStore.getState() === 1
counterStore.dispatch(add(5)); // counterStore.getState() === 6
高级用法
import { createStore } from 'redux';
import { createAction, createReducer } from 'redux-act';
// You can create several action creators at once
// (but that's probably not the best way to do it)
const [increment, decrement] = ['inc', 'dec'].map(createAction);
// When creating action creators, the description is optional
// it will only be used for devtools and logging stuff.
// It's better to put something but feel free to leave it empty if you want to.
const replace = createAction();
// By default, the payload of the action is the first argument
// when you call the action. If you need to support several arguments,
// you can specify a function on how to merge all arguments into
// an unique payload.
let append = createAction('optional description', (...args) => args.join(''));
// There is another pattern to create reducers
// and it works fine with ES5! (maybe even ES3 \o/)
const stringReducer = createReducer(function (on) {
on(replace, (state, payload) => payload);
on(append, (state, payload) => state += payload);
// Warning! If you use the same action twice,
// the second one will override the previous one.
}, 'missing a lette'); // <-- Default state
// Rather than binding the action creators each time you want to use them,
// you can do it once and for all as soon as you have the targeted store
// assignTo: mutates the action creator itself
// bindTo: returns a new action creator assigned to the store
const stringStore = createStore(stringReducer);
replace.assignTo(stringStore);
append = append.bindTo(stringStore);
// Now, when calling actions, they will be automatically dispatched
append('r'); // stringStore.getState() === 'missing a letter'
replace('a'); // stringStore.getState() === 'a'
append('b', 'c', 'd'); // stringStore.getState() === 'abcd'
// If you really need serializable actions, using string constant rather
// than runtime generated id, just use a uppercase description (with eventually some underscores)
// and it will be use as the id of the action
const doSomething = createAction('STRING_CONSTANT');
doSomething(1); // { type: 'STRING_CONSTANT', payload: 1}
// Little bonus, if you need to support metadata around your action,
// like needed data but not really part of the payload, you add a second function
const metaAction = createAction('desc', arg => arg, arg => ({meta: 'so meta!'}));
// Metadata will be the third argument of the reduce function
createReducer({
[metaAction]: (state, payload, meta) => payload
});
API说明
createAction([description], [payloadReducer], [metaReducer])
参数
description(字符串,可选) 当显示的时候用于注册action名称和在开发者工具中使用。如果这个参数只是大写,它可以在不用生成任何id的情况下被用作
action
类型。你可以使用这个特性在服务端和客户端中有序整理action
。payloadReducer(方法,可选) 转变多个参数作为唯一的
payload
。metaReducer(方法,可选) 转变多个参数作为唯一的元数据对象。
用法
返回一个新的action
构造器。如果你指定了description
,它将被开发者工具使用。默认情况下,createAction
返回一个方法,并且触发它的时候第一个参数被作为payload
。如果你想支持多个参数,你需要指定一个payloadReducer
来把所有的参数合并到payload
中。
// Super simple action
const simpleAction = createAction();
// Better to add a description
const betterAction = createAction('This is better!');
// Support multiple arguments by merging them
const multipleAction = createAction((text, checked) => ({text, checked}))
// Again, better to add a description
const bestAction = createAction('Best. Action. Ever.', (text, checked) => ({text, checked}))
// Serializable action (the description will be used as the unique identifier)
const serializableAction = createAction('SERIALIZABLE_ACTION');
action creator
action
创造器基本上是一个携带参数并且返回action
的方法,它具有以下格式:
type:通过参数
description
生成idpayload:当调用
action creator
时进行数据传递,传递的是第一个参数除非在创建action
时指定了payloadReducer
.meta:如果你提供了
metaReducer
,它将创建一个metadata
对象分配给这个key
,否则它是undefined
const addTodo = createAction('Add todo');
addTodo('content');
// return { type: '[1] Add todo', payload: 'content' }
const editTodo = createAction('Edit todo', (id, content) => ({id, content}));
editTodo(42, 'the answer');
// return { type: '[2] Edit todo', payload: {id: 42, content: 'the answer'} }
const serializeTodo = createAction('SERIALIZE_TODO');
serializeTodo(1);
// return { type: 'SERIALIZE_TODO', payload: 1 }
action creator
有以下方法:
getType()
返回生成的类型并被用于这个action creator
的所有action
。
assignTo(store | dispatch)
记住你要触发这些actions
,如果你有一个或多个stores
,可以通过assignTo
分配这些action
。这会改变action creator
本身,你可以传递一个store
或者dispatch
方法或者数组。
let action = createAction();
let action2 = createAction();
const reducer = createReducer({
[action]: (state) => state * 2,
[action2]: (state) => state / 2,
});
const store = createStore(reducer, 1);
const store2 = createStore(reducer, -1);
// Automatically dispatch the action to the store when called
action.assignTo(store);
action(); // store.getState() === 2
action(); // store.getState() === 4
action(); // store.getState() === 8
// You can assign the action to several stores using an array
action.assignTo([store, store2]);
action();
// store.getState() === 16
// store2.getState() === -2
bindTo(store | dispatch)
如果你需要不可变,你可以使用该方法。它将生成一个新的action creator
并且能够自动触发action
。
// If you need more immutability, you can bind them, creating a new action creator
const boundAction = action2.bindTo(store);
action2(); // Not doing anything since not assigned nor bound
// store.getState() === 16
// store2.getState() === -2
boundAction(); // store.getState() === 8
assigned() / bound() / dispatched()
测试action creator
的当前状态。
const action = createAction();
action.assigned(); // false, not assigned
action.bound(); // false, not bound
action.dispatched(); // false, test if either assigned or bound
const boundAction = action.bindTo(store);
boundAction.assigned(); // false
boundAction.bound(); // true
boundAction.dispatched(); // true
action.assignTo(store);
action.assigned(); // true
action.bound(); // false
action.dispatched(); // true
raw(...args)
当action creator
无论是分配还是绑定,将不再返回action
对象而是触发它。有些情况下,你需要没有触发的action
。为了达到这个目的,你可以使用raw
方法返回纯粹的action
。
const action = createAction().bindTo(store);
action(1); // store has been updated
action.raw(1); // return the action, store hasn't been updated
createReducer(handlers, [defaultState])
参数
handlers(对象或方法):如果是方法则携带两个属性,一是注册
action
,二是取消注册,如下。defaultState(任意,可选):
reducer
的初始状态,如果要在combineReducers
使用千万不能为空。
用法
返回一个新的reducer
。和Array.prototype.reduce
的语法类似,你可以指定如何累加,比如第一个参数并累加,或者默认的状态。默认的状态是可选的,因为创建时可以在store
中获取,但你需要注意reducer
中始终存在默认状态,尤其是你要结合combineReducers
使用时。
有两种创建reducer
的方式,一种是通过对象集合,所有方法必须遵循previousState, payload) => newState
。另一种是使用工厂模式,话不多说,看下面的例子。
const increment = createAction();
const add = createAction();
// First pattern
const reducerMap = createReducer({
[increment]: (state) => state + 1,
[add]: (state, payload) => state + payload
}, 0);
// Second pattern
const reducerFactory = createReducer(function (on, off) {
on(increment, (state) => state + 1);
on(add, (state, payload) => state + payload);
// 'off' remove support for a specific action
// See 'Adding and removing actions' section
}, 0);
reducer
reducer
就是一个方法。它当前的状态和行为并返回新的状态,有以下方法:
options(object)
因为action
是带有type
、payload
甚至还有metadata
的对象。所有的reduce
方法默认将payload
作为它们的第二个参数,metadata
作为第三个参数,而不是所有的action
。因为所有其他属性由lib处理不用关心。如果你要使用全部的action
,你可以改变reducer
的行为。
const add = createAction();
const sub = createAction();
const reducer = createReducer({
[add]: (state, action) => state + action.payload,
[sub]: (state, action) => state - action.payload
}, 0);
reducer.options({
payload: false
});
has(action creator)
检测reducer
是否含有reduce
方法对于特定的action
或者字符串类型。
const add = createAction();
const sub = createAction();
const reducer = createReducer({
[add]: (state, action) => state + action.payload
}, 0);
reducer.has(add); // true
reducer.has(sub); // false
reducer.has(add.getType()); // true
on(action creator, reduce function) / off(action creator)
可以动态添加或删除action。
assignAll(actionCreators, stores)
参数
actionCreators(对象或数组)
stores(对象或数组)
用法
普遍的方式是导出一系列的action作为对象,如果你需要将所有绑定到store,这里有一个超级小帮手。也可以使用action数组。
// actions.js
export const add = createAction('Add');
export const sub = createAction('Sub');
// reducer.js
import * as actions from './actions';
export default createReducer({
[actions.add]: (state, payload) => state + payload,
[actions.sub]: (state, payload) => state - payload
}, 0);
// store.js
import * as actions from './actions';
import reducer from './reducer';
const store = createStore(reducer);
assignAll(actions, store);
export default store;
bindAll(actionCreators, stores)
参数
actionCreators(对象或数组)
stores(对象或数组)
用法
类似于assignAll
,可以立刻绑定action
。
import { bindAll } from 'redux-act';
import store from './store';
import * as actions from './actions';
export bindAll(actions, store);
disbatch(store | dispatch, [actions])
参数
store | dispatch (对象,store或diaptch方法),在
store
上添加disbatch
方法,类似于diaptch
,但这个是触发多个action
。actions(数组,可选) 需要触发的一些
action
用法
// All samples will display both syntax with and without an array
// They are exactly the same
import { disbatch } from 'redux-act';
import { inc, dec } from './actions';
// Add 'disbatch' directly to the store
disbatch(store);
store.disbatch(inc(), dec(), inc());
store.disbatch([inc(), dec(), inc()]);
// Disbatch immediately from store
disbatch(store, inc(), dec(), inc());
disbatch(store, [inc(), dec(), inc()]);
// Disbatch immediately from dispatch
disbatch(store.dispatch, inc(), dec(), inc());
disbatch(store.dispatch, [inc(), dec(), inc()]);
**粗体** _斜体_ [链接](http://example.com) `代码` - 列表 > 引用
。你还可以使用@
来通知其他用户。